WHAT IS TB PREVENTIVE THERAPY
TB Preventive Therapy (TPT) is a critical intervention aimed at preventing the progression of latent TB infection (LTBI) into active TB disease. It is particularly important for individuals who are at high risk of developing active TB, such as people living with HIV, household contacts of active TB cases, and those with compromised immune systems.
Target Groups:
- People living with HIV: HIV-positive individuals have a much higher risk of developing active TB due to weakened immune systems.
- Close contacts of active TB cases: Household contacts or those exposed to someone with active pulmonary TB.
- Immunocompromised individuals: This includes patients with diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or those receiving immunosuppressive therapy.
TB PREVENTIVE THERAPY (TPT)
Recommended TB Preventive Treatment option in Pakistan
| Regimen | Duration | Medicine/ Frequency | Age Group |
| 3 HP | 3 Months. | Weekly Dose. INH & RIFAPENTINE | Adults and Children Above 2 years of Age |
| 6H | 6 Months | Daily Dose. Isoniazid | Adults and Children |
| 3HR | 3- Months | Daily. INH & Rifampicin | Children & Adolescent less than 15 years age |
| HP | 1 Month | Daily – . INH & RIFAPENTINE | Adults and Children Above 2 years of Age |
| 4R | 4 Months | Daily – Rifampicin | Children & Adolescent less than 15 years age |
3 HP is most recommended regimen by WHO
Laboratory Testing for Diagnosing TB Infection
- Trained Personnel Need to inject PPD to Patient. Patient is required to visit facility twice. One at time of injection and later on 2nd and 3rd day for reading of the result.
- IGRA: This is also a blood test and more specific test related to gauging latent TB infection.
PREVENT TO END TB
Before initiating TPT, it is crucial to exclude active TB through clinical evaluation, chest X-rays, and sputum testing.
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